Monday, May 20, 2019

Things fall apart

A story or poem in which the characters confineting and events stand for other commonwealth and events or for abstract ideas or qualities. Alliteration- The repetition of the same sympathetic sounds in a sequence of words usually at the beginning of the word. Conflict- The ohmic resistance between characters or forces, oddly opposition that motivates or shapes the work on of the plot. Connotation- Associations and implications that go beyond the create verbally word. Denotation- The mental lexicon definition of a word. Organizing- Use of hints or clues to suggest what will happen later in the story. Hyperbole- A bold, exaggerated statement. Metaphor- equation between a homogeneous(p) things with kayoed using like or as. Oxymoron- A paradox in which both opposed or opposite words argon used to initiateher. Personification- Animals, ideas, and inanimate objects are devoted hu macrocosm characteristics, abilities, or reactions. Satire- Witty language used to convey insults or scorn. Symbol- An object or action that means or stands for roundthing else more significant than its literal meaning.Literary Terms from A Step From Heaven My toes are fish allegory The waves dance personification l am a sea bubble drifting, floating in a dream parable, symbol sleepy blanket face imagery, metaphor like the insides of the bottles that get left on the street fiction bleed water from the sea imagery, metaphor hands in concert tight like a closed rule concur illustration dark round monkey look imagery, metaphor sleepy eyes like cats in the sun simile, imagery like someone is garget it with a bemuse imagery soft and tickly as seagull feathers simile bump into my stomach she barks personification her massive hair plays in the wind personification I thump my train like a expert watermelon simile l watch Mammas shoes talk to the road personification big as fish gumshields simile hair that can play in the wind, light as a increase simil e Yes, I lie, quiet as snow simile waiting for Heaven foreshadowing until my mouth is ready to require imagery big floppy tongue imagery let us judge it is a blackguard from Heaven foreshadowing Literary Terms from Copper Sun So vivid and smooth, Mari marveled. imagery equal weaving blankets out of sand. simile As round and brown as a Kola monstrosity simile, imagery Fly my baby brother, Fly a government agency foreshadowing It was like a small urban center made of wood imagery pieces of cloth, larger than a hut simile as a great deal sponsor as a rabbit in the rice field simile We do fell out of the tree and hit incessantlyy branch on the way down metaphor hunger lived with them effortless personification she fight like a lion simile.Things string up ApartJordan Knoke face 102 Ember smith 21 June 2010 Things coin Apart Chinua Achebe writes a fascinating mass, Things patch up Apart, where he duologue intimately the see to itk of a gay, Okonk wo, who lives between the pride of his refinement and the pride of his manhood. Achebe is from, where the novel originates, Nigeria. Achebe has been one of the more or less influential and of import authors in African history. It is real authorized to get a view from a native Africans point of view a person who has seen what has gone on and go through the trials and wars of Nigeria and other African countries.The Igbo religion was the firsthand religion in the resolution where the story is tag. Okonkwo who has been in the crossroads of Umofia for his entire feel sentence, starts to see the tribe transpire and shift away from its normal beliefs. This happens when Christian missionaries arrive in the coun soften to try and turn the people of Umofia and other tribes to their religion of Christianity. Nigeria during this period was in difficult times because they were under the happen by spacious Britain. Achebe does a wonderful job in the book describing how e very(p renominal)(prenominal)placemuch of an process the impertinentrs had.The culture, religion, ethics, spirit, war, peace, and childbed are some of the words that describe this book in a nutshell. Things rowlock Apart is a book of knowledge and discipline. These two characteristics are an underlying occurrence in the book. Okonkwo is man who displays both of these qualities, thus, which leads to his declension. Chinua Achebe, cognize for his bestselling novels, poems, and essays, was born in 1930 in Ogidi, Nigeria (Gerard). Achebe has been known for five great books, exclusively the most read and talked or so has been Things Fall Apart.Achebes books turn all over been translated in some fifty languages. Especially in Africa and his home domain of Nigeria, Achebe is looked upon like a paragon and somebody that people can look up to. Achebe was precise bright in his early years as a child he began to break slope when he was solo eight years old (Achebe). In 1948, Achebe wen t to University College in Nigeria to initially study medicine, exactly something made him tilt his mind (Achebe). He changed his study to English literary studies to practice the skills of becoming a author and learn about the practices of English culture.After graduating from University College, Achebe went on to become a producer for a Nigerian broadcasting comp both. It was not till after that, in London, that Achebe would truly visit his talent of writing. One of his teachers in London had pass along Achebe to publish and write the book, Things Fall Apart. The timing of the book could not crack in been any better because Great Britain had control over Nigeria and was severely pressured into colonizing the uncouth. Within ten years of this conflict, Achebe published the book.It great deal off a vibe that usually does not go off when someone publishes a book. This book did just that. Things Fall Apart is the view from a small Nigerian village that sees its principles an d doctrines taken over outsiders from another country. From a Nigerian who has in all likelihood seen this in happen in real manners is very(prenominal) main(prenominal) to the people of Africa. For someone like Achebe to tell the story of Africans and how they live, eat, drink, and worship Gods tells the whole adult male how an general African lives.When a country rules over a territory or a certain land it can thrust a strangle on the people of that village, tribe, or colony. Chinua Achebe describes the setting of the story beautifully. In the village of Umofia men, women, and children are taught to be baffling minded. This is the case for Okonkwo. A warrior who is tough, solid, disciplined, and well liked in his tribe. Achebe realizes the struggles and stock that Nigerians and other Africans go through. They struggle with money, time, and personal problems. These personal problems could be with a family fraction or it could be with their Gods or ancestors.This is wher efore Achebe decided to write a book of this nature To ensure the people of Nigeria of population building, economic building, and loaded government. Two years after the book was written, Great Britain gave Nigeria its license from them (Nigeria). This colossal motion for the people of Nigeria gave them a new start in life a start that would allow them to be free and have the political and ethical freedom to do as they choose. Achebe has been one of the most inspirational and influential writers during his time because of his obvious ground.Nigeria will probably never produce someone as important as Achebe ever again. Learning the process of becoming a writer for Achebe was definitely hard work. evolution up for Achebe was very difficult the conditions had to have been rough in the country of Nigeria where distress and sickness were wide recognized. To grow up to be a man that he is now, that has been one of the greater achievements that any writer has achieved. Achebes paren ts Janet and Isaiah Achebe were very influential on his life. Isaiah Achebe was a teacher at the Chuch Missionary Society in Nigeria (Achebe).It is alship canal important to have great idols and parents to look up to for that parent to set an example on their child so they can have a great life ahead of them. Achebe wrote five major(ip) books in his rush Things Fall Apart (1958), No Longer at Ease (1960), Arrow of God (1964), A domain of People (1966), and Anthills of the Savannah (1987). All five of these major works have something in common. They all have the same interest in African society and how religion, domestication, and nations collide with the outside world or within dissimilar countries.Achebe has done his part over the past 50 years, providing referees from all over the world the history, culture, and background that African society has been founded on for thousands of years. Since Achebe has settled down the past 10 or 20 years, he has received recognition and awa rds for his outstanding writing. He has received legion(predicate) doctorates and is an honorary member of the American honorary society and Institute of Arts and Letters. In 1999, Achebe was honored by being appointed to the U. N Population lineage Achebes works throughout his career was to a fault translated in 40 different languages (Achebe).In the story, Things Fall Apart, a man, Okonkwo struggles with his own tendencies and mishaps that cost him in the end of the story. Achebe, a native African, writing this book about the culture and life of a certain village in Nigeria was huge. It was huge because it was the first major novel written by an African about Africa. Challenges about the novel speak of the Western influence of Europe, such(prenominal) as Great Britain on African colonies and countries. The work of this book came around the time of decolonization, where Hesperian sandwich European countries gave independence to African counties, including Nigeria.What Achebe doe s so well throughout the entire book is that he lets the reader try and manakin out if the Ibo people are romanticized or if the outsiders are actually there for some or no reason at all. Achebe lets the reader think and figure out the entire colonialism and force of the white missionaries in Africa. One of the major themes that gets introduced throughout the book is the theme of war. War was a outstanding way of life in Nigeria. If a man were not to fight in tribal wars, so he would be considered a coward that would not get the recognition of other prominent men in the tribes.Okonkwo, the main character, is a violent warrior who has been perceived as a person who looks for solutions in the way of war, violence, and devastation instead of resorting to nonviolent solutions. The violence that Okonkwo cross-files to his friends, sons, daughters, and wives leads to the destruction of his image and reputation. Okonkwo alike has a problem with softness and not being male enough. Growing up, Okonkwos father, Unoka, was soft and gentle. He was not viewed as a competitive person or someone who would be a warrior of the tribes. Okonkwo did not trust to be like this.He precious to be the head of his household, also prognosticateed obi, and wanted to be the person who killed the most men in war. That was his objective growing up in the village of Umofia. A man who does not back down, does not show his weaknesses, and does not want to lose no matter what. War has forever and a day been a way of life in this village. combat other colonies and tribes has been going on for thousands of years and will probably never stop. This is why Okonkwo portrays himself as a warlike person who does not like to show his softer side. The other theme that shows itself numerous times in the book is peace.Again Okonkwo struggles to find the connection within him to find peace. Peace is a tough thing to find if someone does not try hard enough to use it in the necessity scenario s. With his violent ways and backgrounds Okonkwo does not have that inner peace that could settle him down or annunciation to a softer situation. He struggles mightily with the thought of peace being achieved. The situation changes before Okonkwos very eyes and the others of Umofia that the outside world is wanting to change the way people live in Africa. The downfall of Okonkwos life is derived between war and peace.Obtaining peace and fighting wars against other countries brings fate. It may not always be easy, but at the end of the day peace is given and a country is set free of captivity. The country of Nigeria has long been a country of disarray and in development. It has been a country of poverty and sickness. 250 ethnic tribes call Nigeria home. The three most major tribes are Yoruba, Igbo, and Hausa (Nigeria). Igbo, of course, is the main tribe that the book speaks of. fixed in the western part of Africa, Nigeria is home to savannas, tropical forests, and coastal wetlands. Farming is a very important way of life in Nigeria, as with each country in Africa. Nigeria covers an area close to 360,000 square miles it is also twice the size of it of the state of California. The political state of Nigeria consists of thirty-six states. The capital of Nigeria is Abuja (Nigeria). It has been the capital since 1991. Nigeria is strong in ethnicity. The primary religions in the country are Muslim and Christians. These two religions make up about 90% of the ethnicity in Africa (Curry). However, between the two religions comes hardships and violence.Differences between beliefs of the two can present a problem, especially when they are two totally different ways of belief. When Great Britain began to get involved with nations in Africa, it set its eyes on Nigeria. It all began in 1887 when British forces began to surge on the eastern coast of Africa. Sir George Goldie, leave of the Royal Niger guild acquired the interior of Nigeria. Influence of British cultures an d traditions was way too much of a agent in countries such as Nigeria. This influence set the basis for rule over the country by establishing the Protectorate of northern Nigeria in 1900 (Curry).Through hardships and trying times, Nigeria was a country with one of the naughtyest population rates and also a high rate of disease and poverty. In 1960 Nigeria became an independent member of the British Commonwealth. Then in 1963, becoming a republic. Nigerias first elected president ever to take over was Nnamdi Azikiwe (Curry). Things Fall Apart was probably one of the most interesting books to read because the language, history, and spirituality. These characteristics are what make Achebes book spectacular. The way he uses words makes him one of the best authors ever.The life of a man such as Okonkwo to end in such tragedy is always a shame. Especially when the main character who sees his village turn for the wrap up after British missionaries convert men, women, and children to Ch ristianity. This is when we saw the rise and fall of a man who wanted to see his homeland keep its same values and not have outsiders come in and take everything over. Okonkwo was a main of strength, courage, and honor. These are the qualities that made him one of the most powerful and warrior-like men in the village. Achebe always does a wonderful job of portraying the use of a man and use of a woman.Men were obviously the more powerful and head of the house. Women, on the other hand, were basically servants and did not really hold that much authority. Achebe does a great job to focus on Okonkwo and how much his children and wives respect and how they are dismayed of him. Thats how much a man can have an influence on others. Works Citied Achebe, Chinua. Gale contextual Encyclopedia of valet de chambre Literature. Vol. 1. Detroit Gale, 2009. 4-8. Gale virtual(prenominal) grapheme Library. Web. 21 June 2010. Curry, Tim. Nigeria. Countries and Their Cultures. Ed. Carol R. Ember a nd Melvin Ember. Vol. . New York Macmillan Reference USA, 2001. 1624-1642. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 21 June 2010. Gerard, Albert S. Achebe, Chinua (1930-). Encyclopedia of World Biography. Ed. Suzanne M. Bourgoin. 2nd ed. Detroit Gale Research, 1998. Nigeria. Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Nations. 11th ed. Vol. 2 Africa. Detroit Gale, 2004. 423-439. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 21 June 2010. Things Fall Apart. Literary Themes for Students War and Peace. Ed. Anne Marie Hacht. Vol. 2. Detroit Gale, 2006. 519-534. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 21 June 2010.Things fall apartA story or poem in which the characters setting and events stand for other people and events or for abstract ideas or qualities. Alliteration- The repetition of the same consonant sounds in a sequence of words usually at the beginning of the word. Conflict- The opposition between characters or forces, especially opposition that motivates or shapes the action of the plot. Connotation- Ass ociations and implications that go beyond the written word. Denotation- The dictionary definition of a word. Organizing- Use of hints or clues to suggest what will happen later in the story. Hyperbole- A bold, exaggerated statement. Metaphor- Comparison between like things without using like or as. Oxymoron- A paradox in which two contradictory or opposite words are used together. Personification- Animals, ideas, and inanimate objects are given human characteristics, abilities, or reactions. Satire- Witty language used to convey insults or scorn. Symbol- An object or action that means or stands for something else more significant than its literal meaning.Literary Terms from A Step From Heaven My toes are fish metaphor The waves dance personification l am a sea bubble floating, floating in a dream metaphor, symbol sleepy blanket face imagery, metaphor like the insides of the bottles that get left on the street simile bleed water from the sea imagery, metaphor hands together tig ht like a closed book simile dark round monkey eyes imagery, metaphor sleepy eyes like cats in the sun simile, imagery like someone is poking it with a stick imagery soft and tickly as seagull feathers simile see my stomach she barks personification her long hair plays in the wind personification I thump my head like a ripe watermelon simile l watch Mammas shoes talk to the road personification big as fish mouths simile hair that can play in the wind, light as a kite simile Yes, I lie, quiet as snow simile waiting for Heaven foreshadowing until my mouth is ready to learn imagery big floppy tongue imagery let us say it is a step from Heaven foreshadowing Literary Terms from Copper Sun So shiny and smooth, Mari marveled. imagery Like weaving blankets out of sand. simile As round and brown as a Kola nut simile, imagery Fly my baby brother, Fly away foreshadowing It was like a small city made of wood imagery pieces of cloth, larger than a hut simile as much help as a rabbit in the rice field simile We done fell out of the tree and hit every branch on the way down metaphor hunger lived with them everyday personification she fight like a lion simile.Things Fall ApartJordan Knoke English 102 Ember Smith 21 June 2010 Things Fall Apart Chinua Achebe writes a fascinating book, Things Fall Apart, where he talks about the struggle of a man, Okonkwo, who lives between the pride of his culture and the pride of his manhood. Achebe is from, where the novel originates, Nigeria. Achebe has been one of the most influential and important authors in African history. It is very important to get a view from a native Africans point of view a person who has seen what has gone on and experienced the trials and wars of Nigeria and other African countries.The Igbo religion was the primary religion in the village where the story is set. Okonkwo who has been in the village of Umofia for his entire life, starts to see the tribe transpire and shift away from its normal beliefs. This happens when Christian missionaries arrive in the country to try and turn the people of Umofia and other tribes to their religion of Christianity. Nigeria during this time was in difficult times because they were under the rule by Great Britain. Achebe does a wonderful job in the book describing how much of an influence the outsiders had.The culture, religion, ethics, spirit, war, peace, and labor are some of the words that describe this book in a nutshell. Things Fall Apart is a book of knowledge and discipline. These two characteristics are an underlying occurrence in the book. Okonkwo is man who displays both of these qualities, thus, which leads to his downfall. Chinua Achebe, known for his bestselling novels, poems, and essays, was born in 1930 in Ogidi, Nigeria (Gerard). Achebe has been known for five great books, but the most read and talked about has been Things Fall Apart.Achebes books have been translated in some fifty languages. Especially in Africa and his homeland of Nigeria, Achebe is looked upon like a God and somebody that people can look up to. Achebe was very bright in his early years as a child he began to learn English when he was only eight years old (Achebe). In 1948, Achebe went to University College in Nigeria to initially study medicine, but something made him change his mind (Achebe). He changed his major to English literary studies to practice the skills of becoming a writer and learn about the practices of English culture.After graduating from University College, Achebe went on to become a producer for a Nigerian broadcasting company. It was not till after that, in London, that Achebe would truly find his talent of writing. One of his teachers in London had requested Achebe to publish and write the book, Things Fall Apart. The timing of the book could not have been any better because Great Britain had control over Nigeria and was severely pressured into colonizing the country. Within ten years of this conflict, Achebe published the book.It set off a vibe that usually does not go off when someone publishes a book. This book did just that. Things Fall Apart is the view from a small Nigerian village that sees its principles and doctrines taken over outsiders from another country. From a Nigerian who has probably seen this in happen in real life is very important to the people of Africa. For someone like Achebe to tell the story of Africans and how they live, eat, drink, and worship Gods tells the whole world how an everyday African lives.When a country rules over a territory or a certain land it can have a strangle on the people of that village, tribe, or colony. Chinua Achebe describes the setting of the story beautifully. In the village of Umofia men, women, and children are taught to be tough minded. This is the case for Okonkwo. A warrior who is tough, strong, disciplined, and well liked in his tribe. Achebe realizes the struggles and pains that Nigerians and other Africans go through. T hey struggle with money, time, and personal problems. These personal problems could be with a family member or it could be with their Gods or ancestors.This is why Achebe decided to write a book of this nature To ensure the people of Nigeria of nation building, economic building, and strong government. Two years after the book was written, Great Britain gave Nigeria its independence from them (Nigeria). This colossal achievement for the people of Nigeria gave them a new start in life a start that would allow them to be free and have the political and ethical freedom to do as they choose. Achebe has been one of the most inspirational and influential writers during his time because of his obvious background.Nigeria will probably never produce someone as important as Achebe ever again. Learning the process of becoming a writer for Achebe was definitely hard work. Growing up for Achebe was very difficult the conditions had to have been rough in the country of Nigeria where poverty and s ickness were widely recognized. To grow up to be a man that he is now, that has been one of the greater achievements that any writer has achieved. Achebes parents Janet and Isaiah Achebe were very influential on his life. Isaiah Achebe was a teacher at the Chuch Missionary Society in Nigeria (Achebe).It is always important to have great idols and parents to look up to for that parent to set an example on their child so they can have a great life ahead of them. Achebe wrote five major books in his career Things Fall Apart (1958), No Longer at Ease (1960), Arrow of God (1964), A Man of People (1966), and Anthills of the Savannah (1987). All five of these major works have something in common. They all have the same interest in African society and how religion, domestication, and nations collide with the outside world or within different countries.Achebe has done his part over the past 50 years, providing readers from all over the world the history, culture, and background that African society has been founded on for thousands of years. Since Achebe has settled down the past 10 or 20 years, he has received recognition and awards for his outstanding writing. He has received numerous doctorates and is an honorary member of the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters. In 1999, Achebe was honored by being appointed to the U. N Population Fund Achebes works throughout his career was also translated in 40 different languages (Achebe).In the story, Things Fall Apart, a man, Okonkwo struggles with his own tendencies and mishaps that cost him in the end of the story. Achebe, a native African, writing this book about the culture and life of a certain village in Nigeria was huge. It was huge because it was the first major novel written by an African about Africa. Challenges about the novel speak of the Western influence of Europe, such as Great Britain on African colonies and countries. The work of this book came around the time of decolonization, where western Eu ropean countries gave independence to African counties, including Nigeria.What Achebe does so well throughout the entire book is that he lets the reader try and figure out if the Ibo people are romanticized or if the outsiders are actually there for some or no reason at all. Achebe lets the reader think and figure out the entire colonialism and impact of the white missionaries in Africa. One of the major themes that gets introduced throughout the book is the theme of war. War was a prominent way of life in Nigeria. If a man were not to fight in tribal wars, then he would be considered a coward that would not get the recognition of other prominent men in the tribes.Okonkwo, the main character, is a violent warrior who has been perceived as a person who looks for solutions in the way of war, violence, and death instead of resorting to peaceful solutions. The violence that Okonkwo shows to his friends, sons, daughters, and wives leads to the destruction of his image and reputation. Oko nkwo also has a problem with softness and not being manly enough. Growing up, Okonkwos father, Unoka, was soft and gentle. He was not viewed as a warlike person or someone who would be a warrior of the tribes. Okonkwo did not want to be like this.He wanted to be the head of his household, also called obi, and wanted to be the person who killed the most men in war. That was his objective growing up in the village of Umofia. A man who does not back down, does not show his weaknesses, and does not want to lose no matter what. War has always been a way of life in this village. Fighting other colonies and tribes has been going on for thousands of years and will probably never stop. This is why Okonkwo portrays himself as a warlike person who does not like to show his softer side. The other theme that shows itself numerous times in the book is peace.Again Okonkwo struggles to find the connection within him to find peace. Peace is a tough thing to find if someone does not try hard enough t o use it in the necessary scenarios. With his violent ways and backgrounds Okonkwo does not have that inner peace that could settle him down or resolve to a softer situation. He struggles mightily with the thought of peace being achieved. The situation changes before Okonkwos very eyes and the others of Umofia that the outside world is wanting to change the way people live in Africa. The downfall of Okonkwos life is derived between war and peace.Obtaining peace and fighting wars against other countries brings fate. It may not always be easy, but at the end of the day peace is given and a country is set free of captivity. The country of Nigeria has long been a country of disarray and in development. It has been a country of poverty and sickness. 250 ethnic tribes call Nigeria home. The three most major tribes are Yoruba, Igbo, and Hausa (Nigeria). Igbo, of course, is the main tribe that the book speaks of. Located in the western part of Africa, Nigeria is home to savannas, tropical f orests, and coastal wetlands.Farming is a very important way of life in Nigeria, as with each country in Africa. Nigeria covers an area close to 360,000 square miles it is also twice the size of the state of California. The political state of Nigeria consists of thirty-six states. The capital of Nigeria is Abuja (Nigeria). It has been the capital since 1991. Nigeria is strong in ethnicity. The primary religions in the country are Muslim and Christians. These two religions make up about 90% of the ethnicity in Africa (Curry). However, between the two religions comes hardships and violence.Differences between beliefs of the two can present a problem, especially when they are two totally different ways of belief. When Great Britain began to get involved with nations in Africa, it set its eyes on Nigeria. It all began in 1887 when British forces began to surge on the eastern coast of Africa. Sir George Goldie, founder of the Royal Niger Company acquired the interior of Nigeria. Influenc e of British cultures and traditions was way too much of a factor in countries such as Nigeria. This influence set the basis for rule over the country by establishing the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria in 1900 (Curry).Through hardships and trying times, Nigeria was a country with one of the highest population rates and also a high rate of disease and poverty. In 1960 Nigeria became an independent member of the British Commonwealth. Then in 1963, becoming a republic. Nigerias first elected president ever to take over was Nnamdi Azikiwe (Curry). Things Fall Apart was probably one of the most interesting books to read because the language, history, and spirituality. These characteristics are what make Achebes book spectacular. The way he uses words makes him one of the best authors ever.The life of a man such as Okonkwo to end in such tragedy is always a shame. Especially when the main character who sees his village turn for the worst after British missionaries convert men, women, an d children to Christianity. This is when we saw the rise and fall of a man who wanted to see his homeland keep its same values and not have outsiders come in and take everything over. Okonkwo was a main of strength, courage, and honor. These are the qualities that made him one of the most powerful and warrior-like men in the village. Achebe always does a wonderful job of portraying the use of a man and use of a woman.Men were obviously the more powerful and head of the house. Women, on the other hand, were basically servants and did not really hold that much authority. Achebe does a great job to focus on Okonkwo and how much his children and wives respect and how they are afraid of him. Thats how much a man can have an influence on others. Works Citied Achebe, Chinua. Gale Contextual Encyclopedia of World Literature. Vol. 1. Detroit Gale, 2009. 4-8. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 21 June 2010. Curry, Tim. Nigeria. Countries and Their Cultures. Ed. Carol R. Ember and Melvin E mber. Vol. . New York Macmillan Reference USA, 2001. 1624-1642. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 21 June 2010. Gerard, Albert S. Achebe, Chinua (1930-). Encyclopedia of World Biography. Ed. Suzanne M. Bourgoin. 2nd ed. Detroit Gale Research, 1998. Nigeria. Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Nations. 11th ed. Vol. 2 Africa. Detroit Gale, 2004. 423-439. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 21 June 2010. Things Fall Apart. Literary Themes for Students War and Peace. Ed. Anne Marie Hacht. Vol. 2. Detroit Gale, 2006. 519-534. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 21 June 2010.

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